Spec Sheet Composition_verified

Stemolecule™ Doxycycline hyclate

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04-0016
$49.00 Qty:

Stemolecule™ Doxycycline hyclate (Dox), a derivative of tetracycline, is used to induce expression of the Stemgent® iPSC Generation Dox Inducible products. In the iPSC Generation Dox Inducible protocol, addition of Dox to the culture medium of transduced cells induces the reverse tetracycline transactivator (rtTA) to bind to the Tet response element and results in the transcriptional activation for each of the factors implicated in the reprogramming process. Conversely, Dox can be removed from the medium to suppress transcriptional activation of the reprogramming factors.

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Structure
Stemolecule™ Doxycycline hyclate chemical structure.
Structure

Stemolecule™ Doxycycline hyclate

Stemolecule™ Doxycycline hyclate (Dox) is a broad spectrum antibiotic derivative of tetracycline and an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases in vivo. Tetracycline-controlled transcriptional activation is a method of inducible expression whereby transcription is reversibly turned on or off in the presence of tetracycline or one of its derivatives such as Dox1. Dox-inducible lentiviral reagents such as the Stemgent® iPSC Generation Dox Inducible Lentivirus products are used to induce the expression of virally transduced genes and generate induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from somatic cells (in a process referred to as reprogramming2,3) by adding Dox to the cell culture medium4-9. Stemolecule™ Doxycycline hyclate is the recommended inducer for all of the Stemgent® iPSC Generation Dox Inducible products. In the iPSC generation protocol, addition of Dox to the culture medium of transduced cells induces the reverse tetracycline transactivator (rtTA) to bind to the Tet response element and results in the transcriptional activation for each of the factors implicated in the reprogramming process. Conversely, Dox can be removed from the medium to suppress transcriptional activation of the reprogramming factors.

References

  1. Bujard, H., Gossen, M. (1992) Tight Control of Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells by Tetracycline-Responsive Promoters. Proc Natl Acad Sci 89: 5547-5551.
  2. Takahashi, K., Yamanaka, S. (2006) Induction of pluripotent stwem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell 126: 663-676.
  3. Yu, J., Vodyanik, M.A., Smuga-Otto, K., Antosiewicz-Bourget, J., Frane, J.L., Tian, S., Nie, J., Jonsdottir, G.A., Routti, V., Stewart, R., Slukvin, I.I., Thompson, J.A. (2007) Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells. Science 318: 1917-1920.
  4. Wernig, M., Meissner, A., Foreman, R., Brambrink, T., Ku, M., Hochedlinger, K., Bernstein, B.E., Jaenisch, R. (2007) In vitro reprogramming of fibroblasts into a pluripotent ES-cell-like state. Nature 448: 318-324.
  5. Brambrink, T., Foreman, R., Welstead, G.G., Lengner, C.J., Wernig, M., Suh, H., Jaenisch, R. (2008) Sequential expression of pluripotency markers during direct reprogramming of mouse somatic cells. Cell Stem Cell 2: 151-159.
  6. Wernig, M., Lengner, C.J., Hanna, J., Lodato, M.A., Steine, E., Foreman, R., Staerk, J., Markoulaki, S., Jaenisch, R. (2008) A drug-inducible transgenic system for direct reprogramming of multiple somatic cell types. Nat Biotechnol 26(8): 916-924.
  7. Hockemeyer, D., Soldner, F., Cook, E.G., Gao, Q., Mitalipova, M., Jaenisch R. (2008) A drug-inducible system for direct reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency. Cell Stem Cell 3(3): 346-353.
  8. Welstead, G.G., Brambrink, T., Jaenisch, R. (2008) Generating iPS cells from MEFS through forced expression of Sox-2, Oct-4, c-Myc, and Klf4. J Vis Exp 7(14): 734.
  9. Markoulaki, S., Hanna, J., Beard, C., Carey, B.W., Cheng, A.W., Lengner, C.J., Dausman, J.A., Fu, D., Gao, Q., Wu, S., Cassady, J.P., Jaenisch, R. (2009) Transgenic mice with defined combinations of drug-inducible reprogramming factors. Nat Biotechnol 27(2): 169-171.

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For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale.

Stemolecule™ Doxycycline hyclate

Size 10 mg
Lot Number 1203
Quantity / Size 10 mg
Alternate Names (4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6R,12aS)-4-(dimethylamino)-3,5,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide; Doxycycline hydrochloride hemiethanolate hemihydrate; Dox
Chemical Formula C22H24N2O8 • HCl • ½(H2O) • ½(C2H6O)
Structure
Molecular Weight 512.94
CAS Number 24390-14-5
Purity ≥98% (TLC)
Formulation Yellow to yellow with a green cast powder
Solubility Soluble in water
*DMSO upper limit tolerance is <0.5% in most cells.
Storage Store at 4°C. Protect from light. Following reconstitution, store aliquots at -20°C.
Stability Stock solutions stable at -20°C for 6 months.
Quality control The purity of Stemolecule™ Doxycycline hyclate was determined by TLC analysis. The accurate mass and structure were determined by mass spectrometry and NMR, respectively. Cellular toxicity was tested on mouse embryonic stem cells.
Recommended Usage For induction and expression using Stemgent® iPSC Generation Dox Inducible Lentivirus prodcucts, treat cells with 2 µg/ml final concentration in growth medium.
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References
  1. Bujard, H., Gossen, M. (1992) Tight Control of Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells by Tetracycline-Responsive Promoters. Proc Natl Acad Sci 89: 5547-5551.
  2. Takahashi, K., Yamanaka, S. (2006) Induction of pluripotent stwem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell 126: 663-676.
  3. Yu, J., Vodyanik, M.A., Smuga-Otto, K., Antosiewicz-Bourget, J., Frane, J.L., Tian, S., Nie, J., Jonsdottir, G.A., Routti, V., Stewart, R., Slukvin, I.I., Thompson, J.A. (2007) Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells. Science 318: 1917-1920.
  4. Wernig, M., Meissner, A., Foreman, R., Brambrink, T., Ku, M., Hochedlinger, K., Bernstein, B.E., Jaenisch, R. (2007) In vitro reprogramming of fibroblasts into a pluripotent ES-cell-like state. Nature 448: 318-324.
  5. Brambrink, T., Foreman, R., Welstead, G.G., Lengner, C.J., Wernig, M., Suh, H., Jaenisch, R. (2008) Sequential expression of pluripotency markers during direct reprogramming of mouse somatic cells. Cell Stem Cell 2: 151-159.
  6. Wernig, M., Lengner, C.J., Hanna, J., Lodato, M.A., Steine, E., Foreman, R., Staerk, J., Markoulaki, S., Jaenisch, R. (2008) A drug-inducible transgenic system for direct reprogramming of multiple somatic cell types. Nat Biotechnol 26(8): 916-924.
  7. Hockemeyer, D., Soldner, F., Cook, E.G., Gao, Q., Mitalipova, M., Jaenisch R. (2008) A drug-inducible system for direct reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency. Cell Stem Cell 3(3): 346-353.
  8. Welstead, G.G., Brambrink, T., Jaenisch, R. (2008) Generating iPS cells from MEFS through forced expression of Sox-2, Oct-4, c-Myc, and Klf4. J Vis Exp 7(14): 734.
  9. Markoulaki, S., Hanna, J., Beard, C., Carey, B.W., Cheng, A.W., Lengner, C.J., Dausman, J.A., Fu, D., Gao, Q., Wu, S., Cassady, J.P., Jaenisch, R. (2009) Transgenic mice with defined combinations of drug-inducible reprogramming factors. Nat Biotechnol 27(2): 169-171.

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