Stemolecule™ Forskolin

Stemolecule™ Forskolin

Stemolecule™ Forskolin is a natural compound produced by the Indian Coleus plant (Coleus forskohlii)¹. It is used in several differentiation protocols for its ability to potentiate neuron differentiation^2,3. Forskolin is able to stimulate adenylate cyclase activity and increases cyclic AMP⁴. Cyclic AMP is a signaling molecule and key regulator of critical enzymes in cellular processes⁵. For example, cAMP can bind to protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory subunit and activate PKA which acts as a negative regulator of the hedgehog signaling pathway⁶.

References

1. Chen, T.C., Hinton, D.R., Zidovetzki, R., Hofman, F.M. (1998) Up-regulation of the cAMP/PKA pathway inhibits proliferation, induces differentiation, and leads to apoptosis in malignant gliomas. Lab Invest 78: 165-74.
2. Son, H., Kim, K.O., Kim, J.S., Chang, M.Y., Lee, S.H., Lee, Y.S. (2001) Pairing of forskolin and KCl increases differentiation of immortalized hippocampal neurons in a CREB Serine 133 phosphorylation-dependent and extracellular-regulated protein kinase-independent manner. Neurosci Lett 308: 37-40.
3. Palmer, T.D., Takahashi, J., Gage, F.H. (1997) The adult rat hippocampus contains primordial neural stem cells. Mol Cell Neurosci 8: 389-404.
4. Hedin, L., Rosberg, S. (1983) Forskolin effects on the cAMP system and steroidogenesis in the immature rat ovary. Mol Cell Endocrinol 33: 69-80.
5. Sands, W.A., Palmer, T.M. (2008) Regulating gene transcription in response to cyclic AMP elevation. Cell Signal 20: 460-6.
6. Hammerschmidt, M., Bitgood, M.J., McMahon, A.P. (1996) Protein kinase A is a common negative regulator of Hedgehog signaling in the vertebrate embryo. Genes Dev 10: 647-58.

For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale.

Stemolecule™ Forskolin

Alternate Names	Colforsin, Coleonol, Colforsine, Boforsin, Ocufors, Adehl, colforsina, colforsine, colforsinum, (3R,4aR,5S,6S,6aS,10S,10aR,10bS)-6,10,10b-trihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-3-vinyldodecahydro-1H-benzo[f]chromen-5-yl acetate
Chemical Formula	C22H34O7
Structure
Molecular Weight	410.50
CAS Number	66428-89-5
Purity	97.2%
Formulation	White crystalline powder
Solubility	Soluble in DMSO (100 mM). For a 10 mM concentrated stock solution, reconstitute the compound by adding 2436 µl of DMSO to the entire contents of the vial. Note: for most cells, the maximum tolerance to DMSO is <0.5%.
Storage	Store at 4°C. Protect from light. Following reconstitution, store aliquots at -20°C.
Stability	Stock solutions stable at -20°C for 6 months.
Quality control	The purity of Forskolin was determined by HPLC analysis. The accurate mass and structure of Forskolin was determined by mass spectrometry and NMR, respectively. Cellular toxicity of Forskolin was tested on mouse embryonic stem cells.
References	Chen, T.C., Hinton, D.R., Zidovetzki, R., Hofman, F.M. (1998) Up-regulation of the cAMP/PKA pathway inhibits proliferation, induces differentiation, and leads to apoptosis in malignant gliomas. Lab Invest 78: 165-74. Son, H., Kim, K.O., Kim, J.S., Chang, M.Y., Lee, S.H., Lee, Y.S. (2001) Pairing of forskolin and KCl increases differentiation of immortalized hippocampal neurons in a CREB Serine 133 phosphorylation-dependent and extracellular-regulated protein kinase-independent manner. Neurosci Lett 308: 37-40. Palmer, T.D., Takahashi, J., Gage, F.H. (1997) The adult rat hippocampus contains primordial neural stem cells. Mol Cell Neurosci 8: 389-404. Hedin, L., Rosberg, S. (1983) Forskolin effects on the cAMP system and steroidogenesis in the immature rat ovary. Mol Cell Endocrinol 33: 69-80. Sands, W.A., Palmer, T.M. (2008) Regulating gene transcription in response to cyclic AMP elevation. Cell Signal 20: 460-6. Hammerschmidt, M., Bitgood, M.J., McMahon, A.P. (1996) Protein kinase A is a common negative regulator of Hedgehog signaling in the vertebrate embryo. Genes Dev 10: 647-58.

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